True or False: Phase IV studies begin after drug approval.

• A. Not specified
• B. True
• C. Only for new indications
• D. False

Answer: (B)

Phase IV studies occur after a drug has received regulatory approval and is on the market. They’re designed to gather additional information about safety and effectiveness in real-world use, including long-term safety, rare adverse events, and performance in diverse patient populations. They may also evaluate new indications or dosing strategies, or confirm safety in subgroups. Because they are initiated after approval, the statement that Phase IV studies begin after drug approval is true.